In the 1950’s the American psychologist Frederick Hertzberg interviewed engineer’s and accountants and ask two critical questions.
What makes you happy and satisfy about your job?
What makes you sad and dissatisfy about your job?
After analysis of information gathered, Hertzberg saw two basic needs or factors which individuals seek to satisfy.
Hygiene Factors
Therefore factors are related to the job context (job environment). Proper provision of these factors may minimize the dissatisfaction and also can help to retain employees within the organization.
Therefore these hygiene factors provide the answers for the question “Why work here?”
Some hygiene factors identified by Hertzberg are as follows.
Salary
Company policy and administration
Working relationship with the superiors, sub-ordinates and with colleagues
Job security
Working conditions
The quality of supervision
Motivation
Motivations are related to the work content. Proper provisions of motivation factors make employees satisfy and therefore they might work hard.
Motivators provide the answers for the question “Why work harder?”
Some motivators identified by Hertzberg are as follows
Achievement (What you gain from the job)
Recognition and appreciation
The work itself (the job should be interesting for the person who performs it)
Responsibilities
Advancement and growth in the job
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